2023 Workshop: midlatitude aeronomy

The ionosphere and thermosphere at middle and subauroral latitudes provide
a platform to showcase substantial coupling processes involving chemistry,
dynamics, and electrodynamics under the influences of space and
terrestrial weather. Horizontal and vertical coupling between and within
ions and neutrals drive the complexity of system science, which remains a
challenging research frontier. Although advanced observational coverage in
space and time has enabled new discoveries, significant debatable and
controversial problems still exist, and even the most sophisticated models
struggle to deal with some of them in a reasonable manner. Middle and
subauroral latitude aeronomy covers broad CEDAR research areas. Of
particular interests are the following perspectives:

(1) Ionosphere-thermosphere climatology: an array of anomalies has been
identified and defined in association with the seasonality, temporal
evolution, geomagnetic configuration, and regional characteristics of the upper atmosphere

(2) Short-term variability: perturbations caused by wave and impulsive
forcing from the lower atmosphere to Earth's surface, by transient
solar-terrestrial processes (such as solar flares and eclipses), as well
as those not immediately known, form a wealth set of short-term
ionospheric variability associated with day-to-day variability,
atmospheric waves, traveling ionospheric disturbances, sporadic E, descending layers, and irregularities.

(3) From a geospace storm perspective, this region serves as the interface
region and pathway that connects the high-latitude energy deposition and
low-latitude stops. Storm time disturbance winds, compositions, and electrodynamics have fundamental influences on the I-T system. Beyond this, the unique M-I-T coupling processes lead to substantial subauroral electrodynamics (SAPS), density gradient structures (SED, midlatitude main trough, etc), and optical anomalies (SAR arc and STEVE).

This session offers a platform for researchers to come together and
discuss middle and subauroral latitude science from the various
perspectives mentioned earlier. Presentations are solicited to highlight
recent research and progress made in this field using both observations
and model simulations. While the main theme of the session is middle and
subauroral latitude science, studies that focus on closely-related regions
are also welcome. To promote lively and productive discussions, we
strongly encourage presenters to limit their presentations to 6-7 slides.