Viscosity Effects on Low-Latitude Thermospheric Midnight Temperature Maximum (MTM)

This study presents a thorough examination of thermospheric neutral temperatures, highlighting the thermosphere's pivotal role in Earth's space environment. Among its many phenomena, the Midnight Temperature Maximum (MTM) stands out, especially at low latitudes during geomagnetically quiet periods.

The Global Ionosphere Thermosphere Model (GITM) simulations are used to investigate the influence of viscosity on MTM dynamics, offering new insights into the thermospheric behavior. We quantitatively assess how viscosity variations impact the thermospheric temperature distribution and dynamics by analyzing GITM simulations over a quiet period during Equinox 2013.

Our methodology includes a detailed examination of the viscosity coefficient's role within GITM's framework, complemented by an innovative approach to calculating and analyzing MTM. This research marks the first time an investigation has been conducted to explore how viscosity influences the Midnight Temperature Maximum (MTM), shedding light on the complex interplay between these two factors. Additionally, it enhances our understanding of thermospheric responses to this subtle yet significant dynamical process in low-latitude regions. Preliminary results reveal that viscosity variations are crucial in modulating the MTM, with significant implications for predicting space weather impacts and improving thermospheric models. Through this study, we aim to contribute to the broader understanding of thermospheric dynamics, emphasizing the importance of incorporating viscous effects into atmospheric models to achieve more accurate simulations of the Earth's upper atmosphere.